In the 13th century gun powder became known. Once gunpowder came around it could destroy walls easily if they get to close to the walls. Then when cannons came walls could be destroyed quite easily and nobles couldn't do much about it. Then nobles dug motes around the castle so the cannons couldn't get close enough to do horrible damage.
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Gunpowder |
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This is a hand cannon, one of the first cannons used to break down the walls. |